Abstract
Born in Germany as a strategic initiative, the label "Industry 4.0" has now spread globally, assuming the characteristics that recall a fourth industrial revolution, able to improve working conditions and the quality of the processes, as well as the productivity of companies. The relevant literature highlights how, within a broader process of digital transformation, the implementation of new enabling technologies is radically changing the organizational structure, the innovation process and the way the business model is working. In order to cope with this technological wave, a combination of new skills, such as leadership, individual identity, interpersonal relating and technical skill, is required for the implementation of Industry 4.0 as these skills are becoming critical success factors in innovative digital-driven businesses. Through a careful analysis of the relevant scientific literature, this paper aims at advancing a conceptual framework to map the set of key skills (also named Skills 4.0) that businesses should develop within the Industry 4.0 paradigm. Moreover, this framework is aimed to help businesses develop farsighted human resource development policies and design-redesign organizational roles.