Abstract
The marginal human habitats in the extreme lands represent a complex and unique context of multiple challenges: isolation from the economic main-stream, logistic difficulties, threats to local livelihoods due to climate uncertainties and environmental changes, risk of being under the crossfire of competition and tensions for natural resources and trade corridors, outbound migratory move-ments and so on... Even the World's most remote corners are impacted by global economic dynamism such as growing demand of natural resources, increasing alignment of local and international markets, and the expansion and overlap of global supply chains, and large-scale infrastructures development. In addition to all this, there are new challenges related to climate uncertainty with serious impli-cations for life and livelihoods in the marginal human habitats. This applies to all marginal but historically inhabited places on Earth, in all regions — developed, de-veloping and under-developed. Therefore, a holistic interdisciplinary approach is required to draw strategies of sustainable development in the extreme lands.